Claim FYP2

For the last after present. i have done the Final Year Report to complete the subject. Student need to list down the record buying item if they want claim the money that use to buy stuff for their project. Below is my claim list.

Presentation Final Year Project

The presentation had done at Gemilang Hall in UniKL BMI. All student that register for FYP2 will present that day.

Final Year Project Poster

After finish my hardware project, i focus on construct the the poster to present in Engineering Day that held on Gemilang Hall in UniKL BMI. Below is the final poster that i has done.

Combination of Solar and Kinetic

This section i want to combine this two sources that is solar and kinetic together and stall the supply they produce into the rechargeable battery. After test the source one by one, now i want combine to be sources that support each other. Figure below show this project focuses on designing the solar thermal and kinetic generator for low voltage application. It only consists of hardware part which for input voltage is solar panel, kinetic and other circuit like solar charge controller and booster circuit. The main devices of this project photovoltaic, kinetic as input, solar charge controller and rechargeable battery. The photovoltaic panel is use to detect light energy from solar which is main sources, kinetic module is use as a device to collect motion or movement that generate the generator with moving gear to produce electricity. The two devices are connected in parallel to provide more output voltage into charge controller. The solar charge controller is use to regulate voltage from the input and prevent over current to rechargeable battery.

Operation Block Diagram

   

This figure show two source that is solar panel and kinetic mechanical

Boost Circuit

Boost Circuit                                                            Boost Circuit

 Rechargeable Battery

Solar Panel Result

In this experiment, i want collect the renewable energy result for the solar panel. the operation is when solar cell (also called a photovoltaic cell) is an electrical device that converts the energy of light directly into electricity by the photovoltaic effect. It is a form of photoelectric cell when exposed to light, can generate and support an electric current. Before get the result, i want to list the spec of solar panel that i use at the table below:-

Model	XHH-02
Pmax	2 W
Vmp	17.5 V
Imp	0.11 A
Voc	20.8 V
Isc	0.12A
Max. system voltage	600 V
Size	190 x 125 x 18 mm
Test condition	AM1.5, 25°C, 1000W/m2

Table below show the result that collect when there is sources produce by the solar panel.

Time	Output Voltage (V)
10.30 a.m.	19.0
10.40 a.m.	19.0
10.50 a.m.	19.0
11.00 a.m.	19.2
11.10 a.m.	19.5
11.20 a.m.	19.3
11.30 a.m.	19.4
11.40 a.m.	19.6
11.50 a.m.	19.4
12.00 p.m.	19.2
12.10 p.m.	19.5
12.20 p.m.	19.5
12.30 p.m.	19.2
12.40 p.m.	18.8
12.50 p.m.	18.6
1.00 p.m.	18.6
1.10 p.m.	19.5
1.20 p.m.	18.4
1.30 p.m.	18.5
1.40 p.m.	19
1.50 p.m.	18.8
2.00 p.m.	18.6
2.10 p.m.	19
2.20 p.m.	19
2.30 p.m.	19
2.40 p.m.	19
2.50 p.m.	19
3.00 p.m.	19

From the observation i can conclude with the graph showed below:-

The conclusion from the results, the output voltage of solar panel is not constant. This is because the amount of sunlight is not constant. This shows that when there is a light, the voltage can be produce. The huge amount of sunlight will produce a higher output voltage. The resistor is place in series with solar panel is to protect the solar panel from open-circuit voltage. When the voltage is higher than the open-circuit voltage, it will make the solar panel will not function. The time to collect the data for solar panel is taken from 10.00 a.m. to 5.00 p.m. is to determine the output voltage that solar panel can produce at the time given.

Kinetic Mechanical Result

The source for kinetic is energize when the gear rotate rotor that built in generator will produce magnetism and thus produce electricity. In this operation, i have collect the data for kinetic. For the first run of kinetic there is no supply and i need to find the problem. After discussion with my friends, we can conclude that the kinetic need to install the electronic component that is diode function to block the feedback source so the supply can install into the battery. With this Adjustment the process of charging run smoothly. The result has been collect with te prototype that build and the result show in the table below:-

Movement of kinetic	Output Voltage for Kinetic (V)
1st	2.8
2nd	2.9
3rd	2.8
4th	3
5th	2.9
6th	2.9
7th	3
8th	2.9
9th	2.8
10th	2.8
11th	2.9
12th	3
13h	2.8
14th	2.8

After the result has been collect, the graph is simulate as below :-

From the observation the value of source is depend on the speed of the rotor in the generator rotate and also the number of coil build.

Test The Output for Kinetic Source

For this time, i will operate the kinetic mechanical source to collect the data output source and make some adjustment or troubleshoot to this system to make it run with good condition. For the first time of operation the output for each gear for kinetic to measure the output of kinetic source. For each generator produce 0.745V. When combine with 4 generator in series it will produce 2.8 to 3 V in one movement of generator. It will depend the speed of motion moving the gear. In this experiment i have record the video the show the source produce.

The front view for kinetic gear 

the back view for kinetic gear

In this video show the reading appear when there is motion generate the kinetic generator.when speed is high, the source generate automatically high.

PCB Board Test

I have done the construct the control charger function to control and stable the output from the sources. the component that used is capacitor, resistor, relay, diode, LM35, transistor, and LED. the component need to be solder into the PCB and test the operation. the experiment is not success at the first time because the board has error and need to troubleshoot to detect the place of the error. With correction to the board, the operation run smoothly.

Construct The Component Board

The main board circuit design completed and can printed. The circuit simulate using the Proteus software and because there no RF receiver and transmitter in this simulation software, it replaced with the push button to test it function or not. In the software part, the RF module use as interrupt to the main loop or function to get the desire traffic light turn to green. To adding the safety features, when the interrupt signal send to the port, all the traffic light will turn to yellow before the desire traffic light turn green. This to avoid the others involved into crash and give more trouble to the emergency vehicles. 

I have planned to alter a bit the program from using timer to using the other interrupt signal to off the interrupt cycle because if the vehicles not pass the junction but the traffic light already turn to red, it just like others system and reduces the efficiency of the system.

Schematic diagram

 PCB board

Construct PCB board

Etching PCB process 

Drilling hole for component

Develop Kinetic Hardware

In this part, i have install the plate of plain wood and color it in black make same color as hump at the road. The plain is the medium to press the 4 gear in the same time, so the output for the kinetic will produces is high. Advantage when using this type that the output source is high rather the one gear and it save cost to build many hump in this project. If want increase value and long source that supply, we just add another more hump that build 4 or more kinetic gear. that mean it will produce continuous electricity.

hump been tight with prototype to complete mechanical part for  

Plate installation for replacing bumper/hump

Test the system

Installation for Photovoltaic Hardware

Installation for photovoltaic hardware need a stable base to support a strong foundation to ensure the durability of the breakdown of a substance which is accommodated. The space inside the solar in the same time can place the control circuit to save the space and budget in this project. The dimension for build this solar panel box given below.   

Build the base for the solar panel

Install solar panel into the box 

Fit with box

Dimension for solar panel